ui-design

Error State & Empty State Design System

Create comprehensive error and empty state designs that transform frustrating moments into opportunities for engagement and guidance. This prompt helps designers develop clear, empathetic, and actionable state designs that maintain user trust and provide pathways to recovery and success.

Your Prompt

  

How to Use

Use this prompt to create a complete error and empty state design system that turns negative experiences into positive opportunities. Fill in the bracketed placeholders with your project-specific details to receive tailored patterns, messaging frameworks, and visual specifications that align with your brand voice while following UX best practices for error handling and empty state design.

Pro Tips

  • Create reusable error message templates organized by error type to ensure consistency across your application and reduce design and development time
  • Use specific, actionable language in error messages like "Check your email address format" instead of vague statements like "Invalid input"
  • Include visual illustrations in empty states that match your brand personality but avoid overly cute or distracting imagery that might minimize serious errors
  • Implement error logging and analytics tracking on all error states to identify patterns and prioritize fixes for the most common user pain points
  • Test error states deliberately during development by forcing error conditions rather than waiting for them to occur naturally in production
  • Provide multiple recovery pathways when possible, such as retry buttons, help links, and alternative actions, so users with different needs can find solutions

Error Severity and Pattern Matching

Establish a clear classification system for errors based on severity and impact. Critical blocking errors that prevent users from continuing should use modal dialogs demanding immediate attention, while non-blocking warnings can use banner notifications that users can dismiss. Inline validation errors appear next to form fields for immediate feedback, and full-screen error pages handle catastrophic failures like 404 or 500 errors. Match the visual prominence and interruption level to the error's actual impact on user workflows to avoid alert fatigue while ensuring critical issues receive proper attention.

Crafting Empathetic Error Messages

Write error messages using clear, plain language that avoids technical jargon and never blames users. Structure messages with three components: what happened (clear headline), why it happened (brief explanation), and what to do next (actionable steps). Instead of "Error 403: Forbidden access," use "You don't have permission to view this page. Contact your administrator to request access." Maintain your brand voice whether professional, friendly, or playful, but always prioritize clarity and helpfulness over cleverness. Include progressive disclosure options for technical details that advanced users or support teams might need.

Empty State Opportunities

Design empty states that provide value beyond simply stating nothing exists. First-use empty states should guide new users with clear calls-to-action and educational content about how to get started. No-results states from searches or filters should suggest alternative actions like broadening criteria or exploring popular content. Completed-task empty states can celebrate user achievements with encouraging messages. Include relevant illustrations that reinforce your brand personality, but ensure they enhance rather than distract from the primary action users should take to populate the space.

Accessibility and Visual Design

Ensure error and empty states meet WCAG accessibility standards with sufficient color contrast ratios (4.5:1 minimum for text). Never rely solely on color to convey error status; combine red highlighting with icons, borders, and clear text labels. Include proper ARIA attributes for screen readers announcing error messages and status changes. Design animations that respect prefers-reduced-motion preferences and provide keyboard navigation for all interactive elements. Test error states with actual assistive technologies to verify they communicate effectively to all users regardless of abilities.

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